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Components of some Linuxdesktop environments that are daemons include D-Bus, NetworkManager (here called unetwork), PulseAudio (usound), and Avahi.

Regarding all other abilities of the DAEMON Tools Lite for Mac OS X for free program, they are absolutely the same, and you may access them absolutely intuitively. You won’t need to get used to the interface of the utility, all the features are absolutely clear and transparent. Oct 23, 2010  I see Microsoft AU damon as a start-up item. I know what it is but is it ok to remove that from my items list? Ollie N macrumors regular. Original poster. Jan 4, 2009 147 0. Jun 23, 2009 #1 I see Microsoft AU damon as a start-up item. Microsoft AU Daemon My AU Daemon is also crashing since I implemented an update a few days. Nov 16, 2016  This vid shares advance tips on how to uninstall Microsoft AutoUpdate for Mac manually. For newbies, we recommend you use the below uninstall tool@ https://m. Dec 28, 2017  If you launch a Microsoft Office application (Word, Excel, PowerPoint,) on Mac OS X, you may receive a prompt about launching a Microsoft AU Daemon for the first time. You are opening the application “Microsoft AU Daemon” for the first time. Are you sure you want to open this application? The application is in a folder named “MacOS”.

In multitasking computer operating systems, a daemon (/ˈdmən/ or /ˈdmən/)[1] is a computer program that runs as a background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user. Traditionally, the process names of a daemon end with the letter d, for clarification that the process is in fact a daemon, and for differentiation between a daemon and a normal computer program. For example, syslogd is a daemon that implements system logging facility, and sshd is a daemon that serves incoming SSH connections.

In a Unix environment, the parent process of a daemon is often, but not always, the init process. A daemon is usually either created by a process forking a child process and then immediately exiting, thus causing init to adopt the child process, or by the init process directly launching the daemon. In addition, a daemon launched by forking and exiting typically must perform other operations, such as dissociating the process from any controlling terminal (tty). Such procedures are often implemented in various convenience routines such as daemon(3) in Unix.

Systems often start daemons at boot time which will respond to network requests, hardware activity, or other programs by performing some task. Daemons such as cron may also perform defined tasks at scheduled times.

Terminology[edit]

The term was coined by the programmers at MIT's Project MAC. They took the name from Maxwell's demon, an imaginary being from a thought experiment that constantly works in the background, sorting molecules.[2]Unix systems inherited this terminology. Maxwell's demon is consistent with Greek mythology's interpretation of a daemon as a supernatural being working in the background, with no particular bias towards good or evil. However, BSD and some of its derivatives have adopted a Christian demon as their mascot rather than a Greek daemon.[citation needed]

The word daemon is an alternative spelling of demon,[3] and is pronounced /ˈdmən/DEE-mən. In the context of computer software, the original pronunciation /ˈdmən/ has drifted to /ˈdmən/DAY-mən for some speakers.[1]

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Alternate terms for daemon are service (used in Windows, from Windows NT onwards — and later also in Linux), started task (IBM z/OS),[4] and ghost job (XDS UTS).

After the term was adopted for computer use, it was rationalized as a 'backronym' for Disk And Execution MONitor.[5]

Daemons which connect to a computer network are examples of network services.

Implementations[edit]

Unix-like systems[edit]

In a strictly technical sense, a Unix-like system process is a daemon when its parent process terminates and the daemon is assigned the init process (process number 1) as its parent process and has no controlling terminal. However, more generally, a daemon may be any background process, whether a child of the init process or not.

On a Unix-like system, the common method for a process to become a daemon, when the process is started from the command line or from a startup script such as an init script or a SystemStarter script, involves:

  • Optionally removing unnecessary variables from environment.
  • Executing as a background task by forking and exiting (in the parent 'half' of the fork). This allows daemon's parent (shell or startup process) to receive exit notification and continue its normal execution.
  • Detaching from the invoking session, usually accomplished by a single operation, setsid():
    • Dissociating from the controlling tty.
    • Creating a new session and becoming the session leader of that session.
    • Becoming a process group leader.
  • If the daemon wants to ensure that it won't acquire a new controlling tty even by accident (which happens when a session leader without a controlling tty opens a free tty), it may fork and exit again. This means that it is no longer a session leader in the new session, and can't acquire a controlling tty.
  • Setting the root directory (/) as the current working directory so that the process does not keep any directory in use that may be on a mounted file system (allowing it to be unmounted).
  • Changing the umask to 0 to allow open(), creat(), and other operating system calls to provide their own permission masks and not to depend on the umask of the caller.
  • Closing all inherited files at the time of execution that are left open by the parent process, including file descriptors 0, 1 and 2 for the standard streams (stdin, stdout and stderr). Required files will be opened later.
  • Using a logfile, the console, or /dev/null as stdin, stdout, and stderr.

If the process is started by a super-server daemon, such as inetd, launchd, or systemd, the super-server daemon will perform those functions for the process,[6][7][8] except for old-style daemons not converted to run under systemd and specified as Type=forking[8] and 'multi-threaded' datagram servers under inetd.[6]

MS-DOS[edit]

In the Microsoft DOS environment, daemon-like programs were implemented as terminate and stay resident (TSR) software.

Windows NT[edit]

On Microsoft Windows NT systems, programs called Windows services perform the functions of daemons. They run as processes, usually do not interact with the monitor, keyboard, and mouse, and may be launched by the operating system at boot time. In Windows 2000 and later versions, Windows services are configured and manually started and stopped using the Control Panel, a dedicated control/configuration program, the Service Controller component of the Service Control Manager (sc command), the net start and net stop commands or the PowerShell scripting system.

However, any Windows application can perform the role of a daemon, not just a service, and some Windows daemons have the option of running as a normal process.

Classic Mac OS and macOS[edit]

On the classic Mac OS, optional features and services were provided by files loaded at startup time that patched the operating system; these were known as system extensions and control panels. Later versions of classic Mac OS augmented these with fully fledged faceless background applications: regular applications that ran in the background. To the user, these were still described as regular system extensions.

macOS, which is a Unix system, uses daemons. Note that macOS uses the term 'services' to designate software that performs functions selected from the Services menu, rather than using that term for daemons as Windows does.

Etymology[edit]

According to Fernando J. Corbató, who worked on Project MAC in 1963, his team was the first to use the term daemon, inspired by Maxwell's demon, an imaginary agent in physics and thermodynamics that helped to sort molecules, stating, 'We fancifully began to use the word daemon to describe background processes which worked tirelessly to perform system chores'.[9]

In the general sense, daemon is an older form of the word 'demon', from the Greek δαίμων. In the Unix System Administration HandbookEvi Nemeth states the following about daemons:[10]

Many people equate the word 'daemon' with the word 'demon', implying some kind of satanic connection between UNIX and the underworld. This is an egregious misunderstanding. 'Daemon' is actually a much older form of 'demon'; daemons have no particular bias towards good or evil, but rather serve to help define a person's character or personality. The ancient Greeks' concept of a 'personal daemon' was similar to the modern concept of a 'guardian angel'—eudaemonia is the state of being helped or protected by a kindly spirit. As a rule, UNIX systems seem to be infested with both daemons and demons.

A further characterization of the mythological symbolism is that a daemon is something which is not visible yet is always present and working its will. In the Theages, attributed to Plato, Socrates describes his own personal daemon to be something like the modern concept of a moral conscience: 'The favour of the gods has given me a marvelous gift, which has never left me since my childhood. It is a voice which, when it makes itself heard, deters me from what I am about to do and never urges me on'.[citation needed]

See also[edit]

  • Bounce message (also known as mailer daemon)

References[edit]

  1. ^ abEric S. Raymond. 'daemon'. The Jargon File. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
  2. ^Fernando J. Corbató (2002-01-23). 'Take Our Word for It'. Retrieved 2006-08-20.
  3. ^'Merriam-Webster definition of daemon'. Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2009-08-05.
  4. ^'IBM Knowledge Center - Glossary of z/OS terms and abbreviations'. IBM.
  5. ^'Daemon Definition'. www.linfo.org.
  6. ^ abinetd(8) – FreeBSD System Manager's Manual
  7. ^launchd.plist(5) – Darwin and macOS File Formats Manual
  8. ^ ab'systemd.service'. freedesktop.org. Retrieved August 25, 2012.
  9. ^'The Origin of the word Daemon'.
  10. ^'The BSD Daemon'. Freebsd.org. Retrieved 2008-11-15.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daemon_(computing)&oldid=945901204'
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Microsoft Database Daemon

  1. Do Word, Excel and PowerPoint use daemon?

Also see Microsoft AU daemon

Notifications are now called Reminders starting with Entourage 2008.

Recommended:

Before Installing any Office update or use backup software: Quit any applications that are running, including virus-protection applications, all Office applications, Microsoft Messenger for Mac, and Office Notifications (Microsoft Database daemon) See how to quit daemon.

New in Office 2004:

The daemon is also used to run the option in the the Database Utility to 'Verify Automatically in Background'. If the daemon is turned off, 'Verify Automatically in Background' will not take place.

Spotlight will index any cache files the Entourage daemon has created even if the daemon is not launched, but no new cache files will be created until the daemon is launched again. If the Microsoft Sync daemon never launches, there's no way for Entourage to sync data with Sync Services. The preferences in Entourage for Sync Services basically control 1) if this daemon app is launched and 2) where it should sync data to-from.

New in Office 2008:

Starting with Entourage 2008, Office Notifications are now called Office Reminders. It's not simply a name change. The Microsoft Database daemon no longer quits Reminders in Entourage 2008.

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Before 2008, the daemon owned telling the reminders app that there were reminders. With 2008, the daemon only owns launching the reminders app and the reminders app asks the daemon about what to show.

1) What is a daemon?

A daemon is a networking program that performs a housekeeping or maintenance utility function without being called by the user. A daemon sits in the background and is activated only when needed, for example, to correct an error from which another program cannot recover.

2) What is the Microsoft Database Daemon?

The Microsoft Database Daemon allows the Reminder to work even if all MS applications are closed. The daemon is actually used all the time to access the Database. Even Word uses it. This is why you need to Quit Notifications and/or the Microsoft Database daemon when you install MS updates. It could also interfere with backup applications.

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3) Should the database daemon show up in my startup items?

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If you have Office Notifications/Reminders enabled you will see the database daemon in your startup items. You should only have one. If you have more than one, delete them all and let one of the Office applications create a new one. Multiple daemons in startup can cause crashes.

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4) Does switching back and forth between Entourage X and Entourage 2004 create multiple daemons?

Yes, you should quit Notifications and/or the daemon before launching another version.

You can open both Entourage 2004 and Entourage 2008 as well as any Office 2004 and 2008 application at the same time, but it's not recommended to actually use both versions of Entourage at the same time.

5) I recognize that Microsoft Database daemon is used by Office Notifications. What do Word, Excel and PowerPoint use it for, if anything?

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Word, Excel, and PowerPoint have features that can trigger Office notifications. The 'flag for follow-up' button on Word's standard toolbar is one such feature. If you don't use these, you can turn Notifications off and delete it from the login items.

New to Entourage 2004: Spotlight will index any cache files the Entourage daemon has created even if the daemon is not launched, but no new cache files will be created until the daemon is launched again. If the Microsoft Sync daemon never launches, there's no way for Entourage to sync data with Sync Services.

New to Entourage 2008: The Microsoft Database daemon no longer quits Office Reminders.

6) Can I delete the Microsoft Database Daemon in startup items?

Yes, if you don't use Notifications and/or Reminders you can delete the daemon. However, Spotlight won't update any cached files if it's turned off.

7) What do I do if I have more than one Microsoft Database daemon?

If you see more than one Microsoft Database daemon delete them all and let Entourage recreate a new one.

Panther->System Preferences->Users

Tiger->System Preferences->Accounts

8) How to quit Notifications/Reminders

Note: Just quitting Entourage will not quit the daemon and/or Notifications/Reminders. Notifications are now called Reminders in Office 2008.

Recommended for Office 2008 users: Read article Quit all Microsoft applications before backing up

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Options to Quit:

How to quit Office Reminders and the Microsoft Database daemon in Entourage 2008:

  1. If the application Reminders is open, select to quit from the Dock or when it's active in the Menu bar, select quit.
  2. Open Activity Monitor in your Utilties folder, sort by 'microsoft', select Microsoft Office Reminders, double click to open window and select quit. (just do a normal quit, not a forced quit)
  3. Easiest way...Use this script to quit (download script: quit all Microsoft applications) or create a script just to delete daemon and reminders:

How to quit Office Notifications and the Microsoft Database daemon for Entourage 2004 and Entourage X.

  1. In Entourage Menu select 'Turn off Office Notifications'
  2. Open 'Activity Monitor' (older OS called it Process Viewer), look for 'database daemon', double click to open window and select quit.(just do a normal quit, not a forced quit).
  3. Easiest way...use this script: (or download script here)

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Save as either

  1. Application (to use script from desktop)
  2. Complied (to use from Script Menu)

I suggest placing the script in the Script Menu available from Apple for easy access.

To install Script Menu:

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Open the AppleScript utility located in Applications/AppleScript.

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Select the 'Show Script Menu in menu bar' checkbox.